\documentclass[tikz,border=3.14mm]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations.pathreplacing}
\usepackage{ctex}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
    % 画桃树的线段
    \draw (0,0) -- (5.7,0);
    \draw (0,0) -- (0,0.17);
    \draw (5.7,0) -- (5.7,0.17);   
    \node at (-0.65,0.17) {桃树};    
    % 绘制一个大括号
    \draw [decorate, decoration={brace, amplitude=5pt, raise=5pt}] (0,0) -- (5.7,0);
    % 在大括号上方添加文字说明
    \node at (2.85,0.6) {57棵};

    % 画梨树的线段
    \draw (0,-1.0) -- (7.3,-1.0);
    \draw (0,-1.0) -- (0,-0.83);
    \draw (7.3,-1.0) -- (7.3,-0.83);   
    \draw (5.7,-1.0) -- (5.7,-0.83);     
    \node at (-0.65,-0.83) {梨树}; 
    % 绘制一条虚线
    \draw[dashed] (5.7,0) -- (5.7,-1.0);
    % 绘制一个大括号
    \draw [decorate, decoration={brace, amplitude=5pt, raise=5pt}] (5.7,-1.0) -- (7.3,-1.0);
    % 在大括号上方添加文字说明
    \node at (6.5,-0.4) {多16棵};
    % 绘制一个大括号
    \draw [decorate, decoration={brace, amplitude=10pt, raise=5pt, mirror}] (0,-0.84) -- (7.3,-0.84);
    % 在大括号下方添加文字说明
    \node at (3.65,-1.6) {？棵};
    
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

供参考。