整理下:
使用: turnstile宏包
\xlongequal[r_{4}-r_{3}]{\substack{r_{3}-r_{2} \\ r_{3}-r_{2}}}
使用:extarrows宏包
\ndtstile{{r_{4}-r_{3}}}{\substack{r_{3}-r_{2} \\ r_{3}-r_{2}}}
\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{extarrows}
\usepackage{turnstile}
\usepackage[left=2.00cm, right=2.00cm, top=2.00cm, bottom=2.00cm]{geometry}
\begin{document}
\[
\left|\begin{array}{cccc}
1 & 2 & 3 & 4 \\
1 & 3 & 4 & 1 \\
1 & 4 & 1 & 2 \\
1 & 1 & 2 & 3
\end{array}\right|
\begin{aligned}
& \xlongequal{\begin{array}{c}
r_{3}-r_{2} \\[-2pt]
r_{3}-r_{2}
\end{array}}\\[-7pt]
&\begin{array}{c}
~ ~r_{4}-r_{3}
\end{array}
\end{aligned}
\left|\begin{array}{cccc}
1 & 2 & 3 & 4 \\
0 & 1 & 1 & -3 \\
0 & 1 & -3 & 1 \\
0 & -3 & 1 & 1
\end{array}\right|
\]
\[
\left|\begin{array}{cccc}
1 & 2 & 3 & 4 \\
1 & 3 & 4 & 1 \\
1 & 4 & 1 & 2 \\
1 & 1 & 2 & 3
\end{array}\right|
\xlongequal[r_{4}-r_{3}]{\substack{r_{3}-r_{2} \\ r_{3}-r_{2}}}
\left|\begin{array}{cccc}
1 & 2 & 3 & 4 \\
0 & 1 & 1 & -3 \\
0 & 1 & -3 & 1 \\
0 & -3 & 1 & 1
\end{array}\right|
\]
\[
\left|\begin{array}{cccc}
1 & 2 & 3 & 4 \\
1 & 3 & 4 & 1 \\
1 & 4 & 1 & 2 \\
1 & 1 & 2 & 3
\end{array}\right|
\ndtstile{\displaystyle r_{4}-r_{3}}{\begin{array}{c}
r_{3}-r_{2} \\[-2pt]
r_{3}-r_{2}
\end{array}}
\left|\begin{array}{cccc}
1 & 2 & 3 & 4 \\
0 & 1 & 1 & -3 \\
0 & 1 & -3 & 1 \\
0 & -3 & 1 & 1
\end{array}\right|
\]
\[
\left|\begin{array}{cccc}
1 & 2 & 3 & 4 \\
1 & 3 & 4 & 1 \\
1 & 4 & 1 & 2 \\
1 & 1 & 2 & 3
\end{array}\right|
\ndtstile{{r_{4}-r_{3}}}{\substack{r_{3}-r_{2} \\ r_{3}-r_{2}}}
\left|\begin{array}{cccc}
1 & 2 & 3 & 4 \\
0 & 1 & 1 & -3 \\
0 & 1 & -3 & 1 \\
0 & -3 & 1 & 1
\end{array}\right|
\]
\end{document}