以下的分析来自 codex-5.5-xhigh:
原因是book.cls的\tableofcontents把\@mkboth放进了\chapter*{...}标题参数里；你的\titleformat又把该标题交给\myroundedbox'，其中xstring' 的\StrLeft/\StrGobbleLeft会拆解整个 token list，触发\@mkboth递归，最终报TeX capacity exceeded [input stack size=10000]。
我已采用最佳修正：重定义\tableofcontents，把\@mkboth移到\chapter*{\contentsname}之后执行。这样目录标题装饰宏只处理可见文字“目录”，不再处理页眉标记命令。
\documentclass[fontset=fandol]{ctexbook}
\RequirePackage{titlesec}
\RequirePackage{fancyhdr}
\RequirePackage{xstring}
\RequirePackage{tikz}
\newcommand{\myroundedbox}[1]{%
\begin{tikzpicture}[baseline=(mbox.base), overlay, remember picture]
\StrLeft{#1}{1}[\firstchar]
\StrGobbleLeft{#1}{1}[\restchars]
\node[anchor=west,draw=cyan,line width=2pt,fill=white,inner xsep=3pt,inner ysep=3pt,font=\bfseries] (mbox) {\firstchar\hskip 0.3em\restchars};
\end{tikzpicture}%
}
\titleformat{\chapter}[display]
{%
\sffamily%
\thispagestyle{empty}
}
{}
{-1.1em}
{\myroundedbox}
\titlespacing{\chapter}{0pt}{-1.5\baselineskip}{0\baselineskip}
% book.cls puts \@mkboth inside the TOC chapter title; keep it outside
% because \myroundedbox uses xstring to split only visible title text.
\makeatletter
\renewcommand\tableofcontents{%
\if@twocolumn
\@restonecoltrue\onecolumn
\else
\@restonecolfalse
\fi
\chapter*{\contentsname}%
\@mkboth{\MakeUppercase\contentsname}{\MakeUppercase\contentsname}%
\@starttoc{toc}%
\if@restonecol\twocolumn\fi
}
\makeatother
\begin{document}
\tableofcontents %
\chapter{课节导引}
\section{引导点公式速记速记}
\end{document}如上的 patch 可以似乎可以解决问题...
该问题的一个简化版本等价于：
\documentclass[fontset=fandol]{ctexbook}
\RequirePackage{titlesec}
\RequirePackage{fancyhdr}
\RequirePackage{xstring}
\RequirePackage{tikz}
\newcommand{\myroundedbox}[1]{%
\begin{tikzpicture}[baseline=(mbox.base), overlay, remember picture]
\StrLeft{#1}{1}[\firstchar]
\StrGobbleLeft{#1}{1}[\restchars]
\node[anchor=west,draw=cyan,line width=2pt,fill=white,inner xsep=3pt,inner ysep=3pt,font=\bfseries] (mbox) {\firstchar\hskip 0.3em\restchars};
\end{tikzpicture}%
}
\titleformat{\chapter}[display]
{%
\sffamily%
\thispagestyle{empty}
}
{}
{-1.1em}
{\myroundedbox}
\titlespacing{\chapter}{0pt}{-1.5\baselineskip}{0\baselineskip}
\begin{document}
% \tableofcontents %
\chapter{课节导引}
\section{引导点公式速记速记}
\end{document}如果加上\tableofcontents，将导致如下报错：
! TeX capacity exceeded, sorry [input stack size=10000].
\@mkboth ...rotect \ttl@gmk {\protect \@mkboth {#1
}{#2}}
l.25 \tableofcontents另外，对于这种站内的链接，不建议不贴文件。否则这隐含着让其他人都要付费下载一次。
能否请 @u122987 关注一下。
\documentclass[zihao=-4]{ctexbook}
\RequirePackage[
papersize={210mm,297mm},
margin=25mm,showframe,
]{geometry}
\RequirePackage{enumitem}
\usepackage{newtxtext}
\begin{document}
\begin{enumerate}[label={[}\arabic*{]}, labelindent=\parindent, leftmargin=*]
\item Tao Y, \textbf{Liu H}, Wang X, et al. Probabilistically Informed Motion Primitives for Impedance Control with Guided Motion Planning in Contact-Rich Manipulation Tasks[J]. xxxx. (学生一作在投，SCI，Q1, IF=4.7，对应第四章)
\end{enumerate}
\end{document}xelatex+newtxtext
lualatex+newtxtext
\usepackage[british]{babel}
\documentclass[zihao=-4]{ctexbook}
\RequirePackage[
papersize={210mm,297mm},
margin=25mm,showframe,
]{geometry}
\RequirePackage{enumitem}
\usepackage[british]{babel}
\usepackage{newtxtext}
\begin{document}
\begin{enumerate}[label={[}\arabic*{]}, labelindent=\parindent, leftmargin=*]
\item Tao Y, \textbf{Liu H}, Wang X, et al. Probabilistically Informed Motion Primitives for Impedance Control with Guided Motion Planning in Contact-Rich Manipulation Tasks[J]. xxxx. (学生一作在投，SCI，Q1, IF=4.7，对应第四章)
\end{enumerate}
\end{document}xelatex+newtxtext+\usepackage[british]{babel}
lualatex+newtxtext+\usepackage[british]{babel}
\hyphenation{im-ped-ance}\documentclass[zihao=-4]{ctexbook}
\RequirePackage[
papersize={210mm,297mm},
margin=25mm,showframe,
]{geometry}
\RequirePackage{enumitem}
\hyphenation{im-ped-ance}
\usepackage{newtxtext}
\begin{document}
\begin{enumerate}[label={[}\arabic*{]}, labelindent=\parindent, leftmargin=*]
\item Tao Y, \textbf{Liu H}, Wang X, et al. Probabilistically Informed Motion Primitives for Impedance Control with Guided Motion Planning in Contact-Rich Manipulation Tasks[J]. xxxx. (学生一作在投，SCI，Q1, IF=4.7，对应第四章)
\end{enumerate}
\end{document}xelatex+\hyphenation{im-ped-ance}:
lualatex+\hyphenation{im-ped-ance}:
microtype(但只在lualatex下生效，感谢@u30 )% lualatex
\documentclass[zihao=-4]{ctexbook}
\RequirePackage[
papersize={210mm,297mm},
margin=25mm,showframe,
]{geometry}
\RequirePackage{enumitem}
\usepackage{newtxtext}
\usepackage{microtype}
\begin{document}
\begin{enumerate}[label={[}\arabic*{]}, labelindent=\parindent, leftmargin=*]
\item Tao Y, \textbf{Liu H}, Wang X, et al. Probabilistically Informed Motion Primitives for Impedance Control with Guided Motion Planning in Contact-Rich Manipulation Tasks[J]. xxxx. (学生一作在投，SCI，Q1, IF=4.7，对应第四章)
\end{enumerate}
\end{document}
我试了一下，虽然没有任何提示，但是在这个网页 只要耐心等一分钟就可以触发自动下载。
但为何在macOS下，却无法在终端中使用makeglossaries命令编译词汇表，提示找不到命令终端能找到系统程序的必要条件是 makeglossaries.exe 需要在系统的 $PATH 路径下，可以尝试一下环境变量路径下是否真的有 makeglossaries.exe 这个程序。
\documentclass[fontset=fandol]{ctexbeamer}
% Refs: https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/380895
% \usepackage{multicol}
\xdefinecolor{mycolor}{RGB}{0,102,204}
\begin{document}
{%
\setbeamertemplate{headline}{}
\setbeamertemplate{footline}{}
\begin{frame}[plain]%
% \vspace*{\fill}
\centering
{\Huge \bfseries \textcolor{mycolor}{目录}}%
\vspace{1.2em}%
\textcolor{mycolor}{\hrule}
\vspace{1.5em}%
% \begin{minipage}{0.85\textwidth}%
% \begin{multicols}{2}
% \tableofcontents[hideallsubsections]
% \end{multicols}
% \end{minipage}
\begin{columns}
\begin{column}{.3\textwidth}%
\tableofcontents[sections=1-3,hideallsubsections]
\end{column}%
\begin{column}{.3\textwidth}%
\tableofcontents[sections=4-6,hideallsubsections]
\end{column}%
\end{columns}%
\end{frame}%
}
\section{第一章 研究背景}
\section{第二章 研究意义}
\section{第三章 研究内容}
\section{第四章 研究方法}
\section{第五章 技术路线}
\section{第六章 总结展望}
\begin{frame}
正文
\end{frame}
\end{document}
BTW, xdefinecolor好像很少见...
请用「CTeX套装」试试而不是「TeXLive/Miktex」。同时如果还不行，请详细说明你具体是怎么做的，报错信息是什么？
很简单的办法参考自： https://ask.latexstudio.net/ask/question/8198.html
对于这种分段函数，直接使用tikz用直线绘制即可，你甚至可以很方便的控制颜色，线条样式、粗细等特征：
\documentclass[tikz,border=5pt]{standalone}
\usepackage[fontset=fandol]{ctex}
\usepackage[osf]{libertine} % 我喜欢的一款字体
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[
line cap=round,
every node/.style={black}
]
\draw[-latex] (0,0) -- (6,0) node[below]{t(h)};
\draw[-latex] (0,0) -- (0,6) node[right]{s(km)};
\node[below left] {0};
\foreach \i in {1,...,5}{
\draw(0,\i) node[left] {\inteval{10*\i}} -- ++(.2,0);
\draw(\i,0) node[below] {\inteval{\i}} -- ++(0,.2);
}
\draw[magenta,thick] (0,0)
-- (1,3) node[left] {A}
-- (1.5,3) node[right] {B}
-- (2,5) node[above left=-1pt] {C}
-- (2.75,5) node[above right=-1pt] {D}
-- (5,0) node[above right=-1pt] {E}
;
\draw[cyan,dashed,semithick] (0,5)
-- (.5,5) node[above] {G}
-- (3,0) node[above right] {H}
;
\draw[cyan,dashed,semithick] (5.75,5.25) -- ++(-1,0) node[left,anchor=east] {小聪};
\draw[magenta,thick] (5.75,4.5) -- ++(-1,0) node[left,anchor=east] {小慧};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
当然，这里有个小难点是如何恰好让「B」点相交，我是做了一些斜率的预计算。放轻松，每一行命令的功能都是比较简单的，你可以注释某行代码再编编译看看结果，相信学会这种绘制并不算太难~
Happy TikZing!
使用chemfig宏包酚醛树脂的缩聚反应方程式如何写，达到图片上的效果，特别是方括号及高分子连线那部分具体是哪里不会呢？看上去是只有方括号和连线没处理好，请展示你现在已有的代码，避免问「do-this-for-me类」的问题。
不是非常优雅的一些暴力微调...
\documentclass{article}%
\usepackage{newpxmath}%
\usepackage{chemfig}
\usepackage{mhchem}
\renewcommand*\printatom[1]{\ensuremath{\mathsf{#1}}}
\begin{document}
\[
\setchemfig{atom sep=2em}
\hreac%[hreac debug]
\^{2pt}$n$\;\chemfig[baseline=10pt]{*6([,0.75]=-=(-[0]CH_2OH)-(-[2]OH)=-)}
>[{\ce{H+}}][{$\triangle$}]
\^{2pt}\chemfig{H-[@{op,.5}]([:-30]*6([,0.75]-=-=(-[0]CH_2-[0]@{cl,0}-[0]OH)-(-[2]OH)=))}
\polymerdelim[delimiters ={[]}, height = 5pt, depth=22.5pt]{op}{cl}
+ $(n - 1)$\ce{H2O}
\endhreac
\]
\end{document}
Just refer the manual in texdoc nicematrix and a little bit in texdoc tikz:
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{fourier}
\usepackage{nicematrix,tikz}
\usepackage{lipsum}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta}
\begin{document}
\lipsum[2][1-3]
\[
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.5}%
\begin{pNiceArray}{ccc;ccc}[margin] % new feature `;' in nicematrix v7.7
\CodeBefore%
\tikz{%
\draw[-Stealth] ([xshift=-1cm,yshift=.05cm]1.5|-2) node[above] {$(-2)$} |- ([xshift=-.5cm]1.5|-2.5);
\draw[-Stealth] ([xshift=-1.75cm,yshift=.05cm]1.5|-2) node[above] {$(-1)$} |- ([xshift=-.5cm]1.5|-3.5);
}
\Body
1 & 2 & 3 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\
2 & 1 & 2 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\
3 & 2 & 1 & 0 & 0 & 1 \\
\end{pNiceArray}
\]
\lipsum[2][1-3]
\end{document}
@u444 代码要尽量给完整，不要只给一个片段，同时要放在代码块内。
注意到原图其实是想表达3D的角度，原图的展示不符合实际情况，你在评论区中给出的图又完全是2D的，也似乎不完全符合实际情况。
以下是基于luadraw的一个可能方案，可以解决「但是代码不够好看以及视角不够灵活等缺点」，需要自行安装并用lualatex编译：
\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage[3d]{luadraw}
\usepackage[svgnames]{xcolor}
\usepackage{fourier}
\begin{document}
\begin{luadraw}{name=axis_vector}
local g = graph3d:new{
window3d={-1,9,-1,9,-1,9},
window = {-6,8,-5,8},size={12,12},
viewdir=perspective("xy",0.8,60),
pictureoptions="every node/.append style={scale=1.5}"
}
local O,delta,P = Origin,-3, M(6.5, 6, 4)
local Pxz = pxz(P)
local Px,Pz,Py = px(Pxz), pz(Pxz), py(P)
local t1, t2, t3 = M(delta, 0, P.z), M(delta,0, 0), M(delta, P.y, 0)
g:Dpolyline3d({{O, 7*vecI}, {O, 7*vecJ}, {O, 7*vecK}}, "-Stealth,solid,black, line width=1pt")
g:Dlabel3d(
"$x$", 7*vecI, {pos="N",dist=0.1},
"$y$", 7*vecJ, {pos="W"},
"$z$", 7*vecK, {pos="E"}
)
g:Dpolyline3d({{P,Py}, {P,Pxz}, {Pxz,Px}, {Pxz,t1},{O,Pxz}}, "dashed,blue,thick")
g:Dpolyline3d({{O,t2}, {Py,t3}}, "dashed,black,thick")
g:Dpolyline3d({{t1,t2}, {t2,t3}, {Pxz,Pz}}, "Stealth-Stealth,dashed,magenta,thick")
g:Dlabel3d(
"$z$", (t1+t2)/2, {pos="NW",node_options="text=magenta"},
"$y$", (t2+t3)/2, {pos="W"},
"$x$", (Pxz+Pz)/2, {pos="S"}
)
g:Dseg3d({O, P}, "-latex,PaleVioletRed,line width=4pt")
g:Dpolyline3d({{O, 2.5*vecI}, {O, 2.5*vecJ}, {O, 2.5*vecK}}, "-latex,cyan,line width=3pt")
g:Dlabel3d("$\\vec{i}$", 2.5*vecI, {pos="S",node_options="text=cyan"}, "$\\vec{j}$", 2.5*vecJ, {pos="W"}, "$\\vec{k}$", 2.5*vecK, {})
g:Ddots3d({P}, "PaleVioletRed,scale=4", 1.5)
g:Dlabel3d("$P$", P, {pos="NE"},"$\\vec{r}$", P, {pos="W",dist=0.35,node_options="text=PaleVioletRed"})
for _,i in ipairs({Px, Py, Pz}) do
g:Ddots3d({i}, "blue", 1.5)
end
local configs = {
{pt=Px, col="blue"},
{pt=Py, col="green"},
{pt=Pz, col="violet"}
}
for _, item in ipairs(configs) do
g:Dpath3d({item.pt, O, P, 3.75, 1, "ca", O, "l"}, "draw=none,opacity=0.2,fill=" .. item.col)
g:Darc3d(item.pt, O, P, 3.75, 1, "-Stealth,thick," .. item.col .. ",ultra thick")
end
g:Dlabel(
"$\\alpha$",Z(3.25,1), {node_options="text=blue"},
"$\\beta$", Z(1.5,3), {node_options="text=green"},
"$\\gamma$", Z(0.5,-1.2), {node_options="text=violet"}
)
g:Show()
\end{luadraw}
\end{document}
Here below is the proposal of luadraw:
Some details need to be tweaked by yrself.
% https://ask.latexstudio.net/ask/question/8020.html
\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage[fontset=fandol]{ctex}
\usepackage[3d]{luadraw}
\usepackage[svgnames]{xcolor}
\usepackage{fourier}
\begin{document}
\begin{luadraw}{name=earth_tilted_system}
local g = graph3d:new{
window3d={-8,8,-8,8,-6,6},
window = {-8,9,-6,6},
size={10,10}, viewdir={0,80},
pictureoptions = "line cap=round"
}
-- first half plane
g:Dpath3d(
{M(0,-7,0),M(-8,-6,0), M(-8,8,0), M(0,7,0),"l", 4*vecJ, "m", Origin, -4*vecJ, 4, 1, vecK, "ca"},
"fill=yellow!15, fill opacity=1, draw=orange, line width=0.5pt"
)
g:Darc3d(4*vecJ, Origin, -4*vecJ, 4, 1, vecK, "teal, line width=0.5pt") -- inner edge
-- Rotate3d alter the transfoemmation matrix
g:Saveattr()
g:Rotate3d(-23.26, {Origin, vecI})
g:Dcircle3d(Origin, 4, vecK, "fill=yellow, draw=orange, line width=0.5pt")
g:Dsphere(Origin, 4, {mode=mBorder, edgecolor="cyan", edgewidth=10})
g:Restoreattr()
-- second half plane
g:Dpath3d(
{M(0,-7,0),M(8,-8,0), M(8,6,0), M(0,7,0),"l", 4*vecJ, "m", Origin, -4*vecJ, 4, -1, vecK, "ca"},
"fill=yellow!15, fill opacity=1, draw=orange, line width=0.5pt"
)
g:Darc3d(4*vecJ, Origin, -4*vecJ, 4, -1, vecK, "teal, line width=0.5pt") -- outer edge
-- hidden lines
g:Dcircle3d(Origin, 4, g.Normal, "dashed,cyan,line width=0.8pt")
g:Dcircle3d(Origin, 4, vecK, "dashed,teal")
-- Rotate3d alter the transfoemmation matrix again
g:Saveattr()
g:Rotate3d(-23.26, {Origin, vecI})
-- hidden ellipse
-- g:Dcircle3d(Origin, 4, vecK, "orange,dashed")
-- the z-axis
g:Dline3d({-1.5 * vecK, 1.5 * vecK}, "black, dashed, line width=0.8pt")
-- the rotated y-axis
g:Dseg3d({Origin, 8 * vecJ}, "teal, dashed, line width=0.8pt")
g:Dlabel3d(
"赤道平面", M(0.5,-2,0), {dir={vecJ,M(-8,1,0)},node_options="scale=0.75"}
)
g:Restoreattr()
-- magenta segments
g:Dseg3d({Origin, 4 * vecJ}, "magenta, dashed, line width=0.8pt")
g:Dseg3d({8*vecJ, 4 * vecJ}, "magenta, line width=0.8pt")
-- arc3d
g:Darc3d(5 * vecJ, Origin, Ms(4,90*deg,23.26*deg),5,1, "red,latex-latex") -- 90*deg = pi/2 (radians)
g:Darc3d(8*vecJ, Origin, Ms(4,90*deg,(90+23.26)*deg),8,1, "red,latex-latex")
g:Dlabel3d(
"黄道平面", M(5,-6,0), {dir={vecJ,M(-8,1,0)},node_options="scale=0.75"},
"$66^\\circ 34'$", Ms(5,90*deg,(45+23.26/2)*deg), {
node_options="fill=white,inner sep=1.5pt",
dir={Ms(1,90*deg,(135+23.26/2)*deg), Ms(1,90*deg,(45+23.26/2)*deg)}
},
"$23^\\circ 26'$", Ms(8,90*deg,(90+23.26/2)*deg),
{node_options="fill=white,inner sep=1.5pt", dir={Ms(1,90*deg,(180+23.26/2)*deg), Ms(1,90*deg,(90+23.26/2)*deg)}}
)
g:Dlabel(
"黄\\\\赤\\\\交\\\\角", Z(8.75,-1.75,0), {node_options="scale=0.8,text=red,align=left,font=\\bfseries\\linespread{1}\\selectfont"}
)
g:Show()
\end{luadraw}
\end{document}
hspan=minimal is all I need, actually...
对文档还是不够熟悉(摇头...)
\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage[fontset=fandol]{ctex}
\usepackage[showframe,a4paper,hmargin=1.25cm]{geometry}
\usepackage{tabularray}
\UseTblrLibrary{booktabs,varwidth}
\setlength{\parindent}{0pt}
\usepackage{lipsum}
\begin{document}
\begin{tblr}{
colspec={X[1.25,c,m]X[1.75,c,m]X[1,c,m]X[1.5,c,m]X[1.75,c,m]},
hlines,vlines,
hline{1,Z} = {2pt},
vline{1,Z} = {2pt},
width=\linewidth,
measure=vbox,
hspan=minimal,
rows = {ht=1cm},
row{3} = {ht=2.5cm},
row{X-Y} = {ht=3cm},
cell{1}{1-Y} = {r=2}{valign=m},
cell{2}{Z} = {r=3}{valign=m},
cell{3}{2} = {c=3}{valign=m},
cell{5-Z}{2} = {c=4}{halign=l,valign=m},
cell{X-Y}{2} = {valign=h},
}
课程名称 & & {学\quad 分} & & {总计:\qquad 学时} \\
& & & & {\linespread{1.75}\selectfont 讲课:\qquad 学时\\讲课:\qquad 学时\\讲课:\qquad 学时\\讲课:\qquad 学时\\讲课:\qquad 学时\\} \\
{课程性质\\[10pt](请打勾)} & %
{\linespread{1.5}\selectfont%<- important % hete
通识必修课（\quad）\ 通识选修课（\quad）\ 专业必修课（\quad）\\
通识必修课（\quad）\ 通识选修课（\quad）\ 专业必修课（\quad）\\
通识必修课（\quad）\ 通识选修课（\quad）\ 专业必修课（\quad）\\
}
& & & \\
任课老师 & & 职称 & & \\
授课对象 & 年级、专业： & & & \\
课程目标 & & & & \\
教学重难点 & & & & \\
% 教材 & {教材：} & & & \\
% 参考资料 & {参考资料：} & & & \\
教材 & {教材：\lipsum[2][1-6]} & & & \\
参考资料 & {参考资料：\lipsum[2][1-6]} & & & \\
其他要求 & & & & \\
\end{tblr}
\bigskip
Notes: \lipsum[2][1-5]
\end{document}
问 『日经问题』在2025年，CTeX套装与TeXLive/MikTeX的选择和适用投稿场景的差异