请问如何使用TIKZ绘制这样的图片呀？
发布于 2024-06-30 21:18:32
如题，请问如何使用TiKZ绘制这样的图片呀，我试了问GPT-4o，但是给出的结果好像不还合理。
GPT4给出的结果如下：
\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{tikz-3dplot}
\begin{document}
\newcommand{\crystalCell}[5]{ % #1: 晶胞类型, #2: 晶格参数, #3: 特殊晶格点, #4: x 偏移, #5: y 偏移
\begin{scope}[shift={(#4,#5)}]
\tdplotsetmaincoords{70}{110}
\begin{scope}[tdplot_main_coords]
% 晶格向量
\draw[red,thick,->] (0,0,0) -- (1,0,0) node[below] {$\vec{a}_1$};
\draw[red,thick,->] (0,0,0) -- (0,1,0) node[left] {$\vec{a}_2$};
\draw[red,thick,->] (0,0,0) -- (0,0,1) node[above] {$\vec{a}_3$};
% 晶胞
\draw (0,0,0) -- (1,0,0) -- (1,1,0) -- (0,1,0) -- cycle;
\draw (0,0,1) -- (1,0,1) -- (1,1,1) -- (0,1,1) -- cycle;
\draw (0,0,0) -- (0,0,1);
\draw (1,0,0) -- (1,0,1);
\draw (1,1,0) -- (1,1,1);
\draw (0,1,0) -- (0,1,1);
% 晶格点
\foreach \x in {0,1} {
\foreach \y in {0,1} {
\foreach \z in {0,1} {
\filldraw[blue] (\x,\y,\z) circle (2pt);
}
}
}
% 特殊晶格点
#3
% 晶胞参数
\node[above right] at (1,0,0) {#2};
% 晶胞类型
\node[font=\bfseries, below right] at (0,0,0) {#1};
\end{scope}
\end{scope}
}
\begin{tikzpicture}
% Triclinic
\crystalCell{Primitive}{}{}{0}{0}
% Monoclinic
\crystalCell{Primitive}{}{(1,0,1)}{3}{0}
\crystalCell{Base-centered}{}{(0.5,0.5,0)}{3}{-3}
% Orthorhombic
\crystalCell{Primitive}{}{}{6}{0}
\crystalCell{Base-centered}{}{(0.5,0.5,0)}{6}{-3}
% Tetragonal
\crystalCell{Primitive}{}{}{9}{0}
\crystalCell{Base-centered}{}{(0.5,0.5,0)}{9}{-3}
% Cubic
\crystalCell{Primitive}{}{}{0}{-6}
% Trigonal
\crystalCell{Primitive}{
\draw (0,0,0) -- (1,1,0);
\draw (0,0,1) -- (1,1,1);
\filldraw[blue] (0.5,0.5,0) circle (2pt);
\filldraw[blue] (0.5,0.5,1) circle (2pt);
}{(0.5,0.5,0)}{3}{-6}
% Hexagonal
\crystalCell{Primitive}{
\draw[gray!50] (0.5,0,0) -- (1.5,0,0) -- (1.5,0,1) -- (0.5,0,1) -- cycle;
\draw[gray!50] (0.5,0,0) -- (0,0.866,0) -- (1,0.866,0) -- (1.5,0,0);
\draw[gray!50] (0.5,0,1) -- (0,0.866,1) -- (1,0.866,1) -- (1.5,0,1);
\filldraw[blue!50] (0.5,0,0) circle (2pt);
\filldraw[blue!50] (1.5,0,0) circle (2pt);
\filldraw[blue!50] (1.5,0,1) circle (2pt);
\filldraw[blue!50] (0.5,0,1) circle (2pt);
\filldraw[blue!50] (0,0.866,0) circle (2pt);
\filldraw[blue!50] (1,0.866,0) circle (2pt);
\filldraw[blue!50] (0,0.866,1) circle (2pt);
\filldraw[blue!50] (1,0.866,1) circle (2pt);
}{}{6}{-6}
% 添加晶系名称和参数
\foreach \x/\name/\params in {
0/Triclinic/{
$|\vec{a}_1| \neq |\vec{a}_2| \neq |\vec{a}_3|$,
$\alpha \neq \beta \neq \gamma$
},
3/Monoclinic/{
$|\vec{a}_1| \neq |\vec{a}_2| \neq |\vec{a}_3|$,
$\alpha \neq 90^\circ = \beta = \gamma$
},
6/Orthorhombic/{
$|\vec{a}_1| \neq |\vec{a}_2| \neq |\vec{a}_3|$,
$\alpha = \beta = \gamma = 90^\circ$
},
9/Tetragonal/{
$|\vec{a}_1| = |\vec{a}_2| \neq |\vec{a}_3|$,
$\alpha = \beta = \gamma = 90^\circ$
},
0/Cubic/{
$|\vec{a}_1| = |\vec{a}_2| = |\vec{a}_3|$,
$\alpha = \beta = \gamma = 90^\circ$
},
3/Trigonal/{
$|\vec{a}_1| = |\vec{a}_2| = |\vec{a}_3|$,
$\alpha = \beta = \gamma < 120^\circ \neq 90^\circ$
},
6/Hexagonal/{
$|\vec{a}_1| = |\vec{a}_2| \neq |\vec{a}_3|$,
$\alpha = \beta = 90^\circ, \gamma = 120^\circ$
}
} {
\node[font=\bfseries, above] at (\x+1.5,0.5) {\name};
\node[below, align=center] at (\x+1.5,0) {\params};
}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}但是需要将以下部分注释才能正常编译：
% Trigonal
\crystalCell{Primitive}{
\draw (0,0,0) -- (1,1,0);
\draw (0,0,1) -- (1,1,1);
\filldraw[blue] (0.5,0.5,0) circle (2pt);
\filldraw[blue] (0.5,0.5,1) circle (2pt);
}{(0.5,0.5,0)}{3}{-6}
% Hexagonal
\crystalCell{Primitive}{
\draw[gray!50] (0.5,0,0) -- (1.5,0,0) -- (1.5,0,1) -- (0.5,0,1) -- cycle;
\draw[gray!50] (0.5,0,0) -- (0,0.866,0) -- (1,0.866,0) -- (1.5,0,0);
\draw[gray!50] (0.5,0,1) -- (0,0.866,1) -- (1,0.866,1) -- (1.5,0,1);
\filldraw[blue!50] (0.5,0,0) circle (2pt);
\filldraw[blue!50] (1.5,0,0) circle (2pt);
\filldraw[blue!50] (1.5,0,1) circle (2pt);
\filldraw[blue!50] (0.5,0,1) circle (2pt);
\filldraw[blue!50] (0,0.866,0) circle (2pt);
\filldraw[blue!50] (1,0.866,0) circle (2pt);
\filldraw[blue!50] (0,0.866,1) circle (2pt);
\filldraw[blue!50] (1,0.866,1) circle (2pt);
}{}{6}{-6}得到的结果如下：
希望各位大佬指点
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